SENSING: Compressive Sensing

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In quantum physics, momentum and position are an example of conjugate variables. This means they are connected by Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle, which says that both quantities cannot be simultaneously measured precisely. Recently, researchers have In quantum physics, momentum and position are an example of conjugate variables. This means they are connected by Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, which says that both quantities cannot be simultaneously measured precisely. Recently, researchers have This same technique of acquiring the minimum amount of information needed for a measurement seemed to offer a way around the uncertainty principle. To test compressive sensing in the quantum world, physicist John C. Howell and his team at the University of Recovered position and momentum images showing how compressive sensing can be used to measure two conjugate variables, in this case using the university logo as an object. Image courtesy Howland et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 253602. In quantum physics So a camera without a lens is kind of deal-breaker, right? Maybe not. But before we go there, you need to understand something called “compressed sensing” — or at least I did. Compressed (alternatively, compressive) sensing involves the notion that Now University of Rochester physicists have shown that a technique called compressive sensing also offers a way to measure both variables at the same time, without violating the Uncertainty Principle. In a paper published in Physical Review Letters this .

The theory is called compressed sensing, and enables compressive sampling without having to look at the raw data first. Physicists at the University of Oslo refer to the method as one of this century's most significant mathematical discoveries. Compressed sensing, the use of sensors for imaging (or other sensing) of an object in a manner that uses a limited subset of the available data in order to improve efficiency or conserve resources, holds potential benefits for Defense Department systems Using a mathematical concept called sparsity, the compressed-sensing algorithm takes lo-res files and transforms them into sharp images. Illustration: Gabriel Peyre In the early spring of 2009, a team of doctors at the Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Researchers at Rice University (Houston, TX, USA) have been granted a US patent for their work developing a camera based on compressive sensing. The patent granted to Rice describes the basic architecture and design of such a compressive sensing camera .